PDX模型在纳米递送系统评价中的应用

Application of PDX model in the evaluation of nano-delivery systems

恶性肿瘤是影响人类健康的重大疾病,纳米递送系统本身具有独特的尺寸效应,对其功能化修饰后可实现药物分子的肿瘤靶向聚集、提高治疗效果、减小对正常组织和细胞的毒副作用。将源自患者的癌细胞或小肿瘤组织直接移植到免疫缺陷小鼠体内,可建立患者来源的异种移植(patient-derived xenografts,PDX)模型。相比于肿瘤细胞系模型,该模型可保持原发肿瘤的组织形态、异质性及基因异常等关键特征,并使其在各代之间保持稳定。PDX模型被广泛应用于药物评估、靶标发现和生物标志物开发,尤其为纳米递送系统的诊断和治疗评价提供了可靠研究平台。本综述总结了常见癌症PDX模型在纳米递送系统评价中的应用,以期为本领域科研人员开展相关研究提供参考。

Malignant tumor is a major disease affecting human health.The nano-delivery system itself has a unique size effect and it can achieve tumor-targeted distribution of drug molecules,improve the therapeutic effect,and reduce the toxic and side effects on normal tissues and cells after functional modification.Patient-derived xenografts(PDX)models can be established by transplanting patient-derived cancer cells or small tumor tissue into immunodeficient mice directly.Compared with the tumor cell line model,this model can preserve the key features of the primary tumor such as histomorphology,heterogeneity,and genetic abnormalities,and keep them stable between generations.PDX models are widely used in drug evaluation,target discovery and biomarker development,especially providing a reliable research platform for the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of nano-delivery systems.This review summarizes the application of several common cancer PDX models in the evaluation of nano-delivery systems,in order to provide references for researchers to perform related research.