超声波-微波耦合提取黄粉虫蛋白的工艺

Ultrasonic-Microwave Coupling Extraction Technology of Tenebrio Molitor L Protein

以黄粉虫为研究对象,以蛋白质提取率和纯度为指标,在原料粉碎粒径、超声功率、超声时间、提取时间、微波提取温度5个单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验优化超声波-微波耦合提取黄粉虫蛋白质的最佳提取工艺条件。结果表明:影响黄粉虫蛋白质提取率的各因素的主次顺序为提取时间>超声时间>微波提取温度>超声功率;当pH 7.0、料液比(脱脂虫粉︰Na2HPO4-柠檬酸缓冲液)1︰8(g/mL)时,超声波-微波耦合提取黄粉虫蛋白质的最佳工艺条件为原料粉碎粒径150μm、提取时间10 min、超声时间5 min、超声功率400 W、微波提取温度50℃,在此工艺条件下,黄粉虫蛋白质提取率达到63.23%,纯度为75.59%。试验结果为黄粉虫精深加工及黄粉虫蛋白粉产品的推广应用奠定理论基础。

The optimal extraction condition of protein from Tenebrio molitor L was optimized by orthogonal experiment on the basis of five single factors,including the number of grinding mesh,ultrasonic power,ultrasonic time,extraction time and extraction temperature,with the extraction rate and purity as indexes.The results showed that the order of the main factors affecting the protein extraction rate was as follows:extraction time>ultrasonic time>extraction temperature>ultrasonic power.When pH at 7.0 and solid-liquid ratio(defatted insect powder︰Na2HPO4-Citric acid buffer)1︰8(g/mL),the optimal extraction condition of protein from Tenebrio molitor L was as follows:particle size 150μm,extraction time 10 min,ultrasonic time 5 min,ultrasonic power 400 W,and extraction temperature 50℃.Under this condition,the protein extraction rate of Tenebrio molitor L reached 63.23%and the purity was 75.59%.It lays a theoretical foundation for the deep processing of Tenebrio molitor L and the popularization and application of mealworms protein powder products.