我国高校创业教育的现状分析与优化策略

Current Situation Analysis and Optimization Strategy of Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities in China

中国高校的创业教育在“创新创业教育”概念下孕育,以“政策推动”和“高校需求”为现实基础,在“政策需求”和“学科需求”的双重驱动下迅速发展。归纳了高校创业教育现实层面存在的实践认知与本质属性、内源动力与外部推动、外部导向与内生需求相偏离的问题,通过对教育理念进步和生源特点变化等内部因素以及社会需求和国家战略等外部因素的分析,提出了基于教育目标再认、组织形式变革和教育功能重构的优化策略,以期建构可持续发展的高校创业教育体系。

Entrepreneurship education in Chinese universities is conceived under the concept of “innovation and entrepreneurship education”, based on the reality of “policy promotion” and “university demand”, and is driven by both “policy demand” and “discipline demand”. This study summarizes the deviation between practical cognition and essential attributes, internal motive force and external impetus, external guidance and endogenous demand of entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities. Through the analysis of internal factors such as educational concept progress and change of students’ characteristics, as well as external factors such as social demand and national strategy, this paper puts forward the optimization strategies based on the recognition of educational objectives, reform of organizational forms and reconstruction of educational functions, so as to construct the sustainable development of entrepreneurship education system in colleges and universities.