中医痰核理论源流探析

Analysis of the theory of sputum nucleus in traditional Chinese medicine

痰核为痰病的一种,是由停滞于体内而未排出的实质性的痰而引起的一种中医病证,具有可单发、可多发、不红不肿不作痛、推之可移的特点。在金元时期始有明确记载,作为病名首见于明代《医学入门》。通过整理古籍并结合现代临床实践经验,将“痰核”病因病机总结为脾肾亏虚,流痰内窜,多兼心火、肝火、气滞、血瘀等,其病位多在皮下,起病较缓,病程多较久。中医内治法为化痰散结为主,此外还可运用隔药灸、外敷等外治法。

Sputum nucleus,a kind of sputum disease,is a syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) caused by the substantial phlegm that stagnates in the body but is not discharged. It features single paroxysm,multiple paroxysms,no redness,no swelling,no pain,and can be pushed to move. It was clearly recorded in the Jin and Yuan dynasties and was first seen as name of disease in The Introduction to Medicine in the Ming dynasty. By sorting out ancient books and combining with modern clinical practice experience,the etiology and pathogenesis of ’sputum nucleus’ is summarized as spleen and kidney deficiency,sputum flow in internal channel,usually accompanied by heart fire,liver fire,qi stagnation,blood stasis,etc.. The pathological location of this disease is mostly subcutaneous,the onset is relatively slow,and there is a relatively long course. The internal therapy of TCM is mainly to dissolve the phlegm and disperse the knot. And the external therapy such as medicine moxibustion and external application can also be used.