行为转变理论护理在上消化道出血患者中的应用效果

Application effects of behavior change theory nursing in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding

目的:观察行为转变理论护理在上消化道出血患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年10月至2021年10月该院收治的92例上消化道出血患者进行前瞻性研究,按随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组各46例。对照组采取常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予行为转变理论护理,比较两组护理前后自我护理能力[自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)]评分、出血次数、止血时间、住院时间、并发症发生率和护理满意度。结果:护理后,两组自护责任感、自护概念、自护技能、健康知识等ESCA评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组止血时间、住院时间均短于对照组,出血次数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:行为转变理论护理应用于上消化道出血患者可提高自我自护能力评分和护理满意度,减少出血次数,缩短止血时间和住院时间,降低并发症发生率,其效果优于常规护理。

Objective: To observe application effects of behavioral change theory nursing in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 92 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding admitted to the hospital from October 2019 to October 2021. They were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method, 46 cases in each. The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group was given the behavioral change theory nursing. The self-care ability score [exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA)], the number of bleeding, the hemostasis time, the hospitalization time, the incidence of complications,and the nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing. Results: After the nursing, the ESCA scores of selfcare responsibility, self-care concept, self-care skills and health knowledge in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing, those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The hemostasis time and the hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group, the number of bleeding was less than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Further, the nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions: The behavioral change theory nursing in the patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding can improve the self-care ability score and the nursing satisfaction, reduce the number of bleeding, shorten the hemostasis time and the hospitalization time, and reduce the incidence of complications. Moreover, it is superior to the routine nursing.