钠离子电池负极材料的研究现状及展望

Research Status and Prospect of Anode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries

钠离子电池由于具有无资源限制的优势,在规模储能以及无间歇能量供应等领域具有广阔的应用前景。石墨和硅作为普遍使用的负极材料,其储钠容量极低,因此开发出具有优良性能的负极材料对钠离子电池的产业化应用具有至关重要的作用。随着钠离子电池产业的推进,负极材料对钠离子电池的循环及安全性能的影响受到普遍的关注。文章根据充放电过程中的反应机理将负极材料的分为:嵌入型材料、合金化材料、转化类材料以及有机材料四类,并综述了其相应研究现状,指出了研究中存在的问题,总结展望了将来的研究趋势。

Sodium ion battery has a broad application prospect in large-scale energy storage and intermittent energy supply due to the advantage of no resource limitation. Graphite and silicon are widely used as anode materials, and their sodium storage capacity is very low. Therefore, it is very important to develop anode materials with excellent properties for the industrial application of sodium ion batteries. With the development of sodium-ion battery industry, the influence of anode materials on the cycle and safety performance of sodium-ion battery is widely concerned. According to the reaction mechanism of charge and discharge process, the cathode materials are divided into four types: embedded materials, alloyed materials, transformed materials and organic materials. In this paper, the research status of SIBs anode materials was summarized, the existing problems in the research and the future research trend were pointed out.