摘要
本文讨论通常解读为“没有谁/人”或“没有什么/东西”的“莫”本质上是(不定/无定)代词还是副词,以七项句法证据证明“莫”不是代词做主语,而是应分析为副词做状语。文章对“莫”的语言事实做了细致的微观描写,首先分析其分布限制,然后考察“NP莫VP”、“使(NP)莫VP”、“NP之莫VP”中的“莫”,居于情态动词、副词后的“莫”,以及与表全称的“皆”对举出现的“莫”的句法地位。“莫”的分布限制,以及作为鉴别“莫”句法范畴的区别性句法环境的特定句法结构或句式,均表明“莫”是副词而不是代词。
This paper investigates the syntactic category of mo mo(莫)roughly interpreted as‘nobody’,‘nothing’or‘none’in Old Chinese.It is shown in the paper that mo is an adverb in nature rather than an indefinite pronoun as generally assumed in the literature.Mo cannot be used as an object or a genitive NP,or be used alone,which shows that it is not a pronoun.If mo is analyzed into an adverb,its restriction on the distribution can be well accounted for.Also,the pronominal analysis of mo may run into problems in accounting for its occurrence in some specific structures like“NP mo VP”,as well as its co-occurrence with the modal keyi(可以)‘’or adverbs like jie(皆).
出处
《古汉语研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第1期71-84,128,共15页
Research in Ancient Chinese Language
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“跨语言致使-被动转换的微观句法研究”(22YJC740024)。