农业生产托管助推双层经营体制创新的逻辑:基于多个案例的分析

Innovative Logic of China’s Agricultural Management System Promoted by Agricultural Production Trust:An Analysis Based on Multiple Cases

以2019年中国农业社会化服务典型案例为研究对象,深入剖析农业生产托管重塑农地经营“统分结合”结构的内在逻辑。结果表明:在服务内容维度,农资采购、农机作业、农产品销售及技术培训、指导与推广应用服务是生产托管中“统一经营”的主要内容,而生产托管中“分散经营”的内容主要体现在经营决策、田间管理及灌溉服务等方面;在服务形式维度,生产托管中的核心服务主体及其构建的服务单元或节点,较好地平衡对服务资源和土地要素有效整合的“统”与划片分块开展服务的“分”之间的关系“;统分结合”结构在生产托管中的表现最终助推中国农业双层经营体制实现创新。据此,提出促进中国农业社会化服务体系建立健全、小农户融入现代农业发展框架的若干政策建议。

Taking the typical case of China’s agricultural socialized services in 2019 as research subjects,this paper analyzed the innovative logic of remodeling the structure of “combination of unified management and decentralized management” in management of farmland by agricultural production trust.The results show that in the dimension of service content,agricultural materials purchasing,agricultural machinery operating,agricultural products marketing,agro-technique training,guiding,promoting and applying are the main content of unified management in agricultural production trust.Meanwhile,the content of decentralized management are mainly shown in operating decision,field management and irrigation in agricultural production trust.In the dimension of service form,the core service subject and service unit or node in agricultural production trust can better balance the relationship between “unifying” of effective integration of service resources and land and “decentralizing” of carrying out service by divided area.The performance of “combination of unified management and decentralized management” in production trust finally promotes the innovation of China’s agricultural double-layer managenment system.Therefore,policy suggestions are proposed that agricultural socialization service system should be perfected and smallholders should be integrated into the framework of modern agricultural development.