氢冶金还原性气体的制备研究进展

Research progress in preparation of reducing gases for hydrogen metallurgy

氢冶金是一种绿色低碳的冶炼工艺,是实现钢铁行业转型升级和改变高碳排放形象的有效途径。氢冶金是通过纯氢气或富氢气体替代传统焦炭直接还原铁,可实现CO_(2)减排。富氢还原性气体的制备是实现氢冶金的关键之一。对比分析了适合于氢冶金的规模化焦炉煤气制氢、天然气制氢、煤制氢和氨分解制氢技术的工艺及相关催化剂,探讨了包括电解水制氢在内的可再生能源制氢的途径。氢冶金技术需要的制氢技术日趋成熟,氢冶金也将成为未来钢铁行业升级改造的重点。

Hydrogen metallurgy is a green and low-carbon smelting process, which is an effective way to achieve the transformation and upgrading of iron and steel industry and change the image of high carbon emissions. Hydrogen metallurgy can reduce CO_(2) emission by replacing traditional coke with pure hydrogen or hydrogen-rich gas in the production of direct reduction iron. The preparation of hydrogen-rich reducing gases is one of the keys to realize hydrogen metallurgy. The processes and catalysts of large-scale hydrogen production for hydrogen metallurgy are compared and analyzed, including hydrogen made from coke oven gas, natural gas, coals, and ammonia decomposition. The way of hydrogen production from renewable energy, including water electrolysis, is also discussed. Since the techniques for hydrogen metallurgy is increasingly mature, hydrogen metallurgy will become the focus of the upgrading and transformation of iron and steel industry in the future.