150t复吹转炉炉体温度及应力场的有限元分析

Finite element analysis of temperature and stress fields in 150 t combined blown converter body

转炉在服役过程中,存在炉壳热变形过大、耐火砖破裂等问题,直接影响到设备的安全运行,分析炉体的温度和应力分布,能为优化炉体冷却系统、避免应力集中提供支持。为此,建立包括非水冷式托圈、炉体与悬挂结构的转炉整体有限元模型,考虑炉体与托圈、悬挂之间的相互热辐射,采用ANSYS仿真软件研究炉体的稳态温度场,并对炉体的机械应力和热应力进行分析。结果表明,工作层炉衬热面温度为1600℃时,炉壳的上锥段和炉身部位温度较高,最高可达435℃,接近炉壳的蠕变温度,有限元模拟结果与工业数据基本一致;炉体的热应力要远大于机械应力,炉衬的热面等效应力较大,易出现裂纹;炉壳的温度和应力分布在结构过渡处会有明显突变。研究结果可为炉体冷却和炉型设计提供理论依据。

During the service process of the converter,there are problems such as excessive thermal deformation of the shell and rupture of the refractory bricks,which directly affect the safe operation of the equipment.Analysis of the temperature and stress distribution of the furnace body can provide support for optimizing the furnace cooling system and avoiding stress concentration.A finite element model of the converter including non-water-cooled loop,furnace body and suspension structure was established,and the steady-state temperature field of furnace body was studied using ANSYS simulation software considering the mutual heat radiation between furnace body and the loop and suspension,and the mechanical and thermal stresses of the furnace body were analyzed.The results show that,when the hot surface temperature of working layer liner is 1600℃,the temperature of upper cone section of the shell and the body part is higher,up to 435℃,which is close to the creep temperature of the shell,and the finite element simulation results are basically consistent with industrial data.The thermal stress on the furnace body is much greater than the mechanical stress,the equivalent stress of the hot surface on liner is more prone to cracking.The temperature and stress distribution of shell will have obvious abrupt changes at the structural transition.The results can provide theoretical basis for the cooling of the furnace body and furnace design.