云南锡产业全要素生产率测度及实证研究

Measurement and empirical study on total factor productivity of tin industry in Yunnan

锡产业是我国的优势产业,锡产品是重要的矿产资源战略品种,对我国经济发展安全起着重要的作用。云南锡矿产量一直保持全国第一,提高锡产业的全要素生产率可以有效缓解资源耗减带来的影响,降低锡资源减少的压力。本文以2010—2020年云南锡产业为研究对象,采用随机性生产前沿模型测度锡产业的全要素生产率,并进行分解,得出以下结论:(1)固定资产和人力资本的投入可以有效带动云南锡产业生产效率的提高,但边际效用在递减;(2)在当前产出水平下,过度的资本和人力的投入对生产效率可能会产生负面效果;(3)技术进步对提升云南锡产业的生产效率发挥了更大的作用。云南锡产业未来的发展应适度增加科研投入,控制人力资本的过度增长,同时应从减少资源损耗、增强环境保护等角度全面提高生产率。

Tin industry is a dominant industry in China.Tin products are important strategic varieties of mineral resources,which play an important role in China’s economic development and security.The output of tin ore in Yunnan has always been the first in China.Improving the total factor productivity of tin industry can effectively alleviate the impact of resource depletion and reduce the pressure of tin resource reduction.This study takes tin industry in Yunnan between 2010 and 2020 as the research object,measures the total factor productivity of the tin industry by using the stochastic production frontier model,and draws the following conclusions:(1)The investment of fixed assets and human capital can effectively improve the production efficiency of tin industry in Yunnan,but the marginal utility is decreasing;(2)Under the current output level,excessive capital and human input may have a negative effect on production efficiency;(3)Technological progress plays a greater role in improving the productivity of tin industry in Yunnan.The future development of tin industry in Yunnan should appropriately increase the investment in scientific research,and control the excessive growth of human capital.At the same time,productivity should be comprehensively improved from the perspectives of enhancing environmental protection and reducing resource consumption.