基于RNA-seq探究东方水韭对高原环境潜在的适应性

Exploring the potential adaptability of Isoetes orientalis Liu Hong to the plateau environment based on RNA-seq

本研究以移栽到不同海拔地区的东方水韭(Isoetes orientalis Liu Hong)为材料,利用转录组测序技术分析基因表达情况,探究其在不同海拔条件下水生和陆生环境中的适应机制。结果显示,与低海拔相比,移栽到高海拔的植株中存在较多的差异表达基因,显著富集在磷酸肌醇代谢、光合作用、天线蛋白、黄酮类化合物和苯丙素生物合成的通路中,特别是移栽到西藏的植株中存在许多特异性表达的基因,这些基因大多注释为核糖体蛋白、DNA损伤修复酶和不饱和脂肪酸生物合成相关的酶。而这种基因表达模式可能与植物适应高海拔、低氧强辐射、温度变化剧烈的环境相关。研究结果也表明,长期生长在低海拔的东方水韭可以在高海拔环境中生存,而且基因表达模式方面存在一定规律。

In this study, Isoetes orientalis Liu Hong was transplanted at different altitudes, and gene expression analysis was performed based on transcriptome sequencing to explore its adaptation mechanism in aquatic and terrestrial environments at different altitudes. Results showed that, compared with low-altitude transplants, high-altitude transplants exhibited more differentially expressed genes significantly enriched in inositol phosphate metabolism, photosynthesis, antenna protein, flavonoid, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. In particular, many specifically expressed genes were identified in plants transplanted to Tibet,most of which were annotated as ribosomal proteins, DNA damage repair enzymes, and enzymes related to unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. This gene expression pattern may be related to plant adaptation to highaltitude environments with low oxygen, strong radiation, and marked temperature changes. Results also showed that I. orientalis grown at low altitude long-term could survive in high-altitude environments, and there were certain rules in gene expression patterns. This study provides a reference for exploring the adaptation mechanisms of Isoetes plants to aquatic and terrestrial environments at different altitudes.