甘肃洮河流域多民族聚居地区聚落空间分布特征及其影响因素研究

Spatial-distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Multi-ethnic Settlements in the Taohe River Basin of Gansu Province

甘肃洮河流域汉、藏、回等多民族聚居地区的乡村聚落空间分布特征及影响因素的研究,对该地区优化聚落格局及乡村可持续性发展具有重要意义。运用ArcGIS10.5空间分析软件及空间地理分析方法,对该地区聚落空间分布类型、形态、分异等特征及其影响因素进行研究,得出如下结论:甘肃洮河流域多民族聚居地区聚落空间分布既具有共性、又呈现差异性特征。共性特征体现在聚落均呈凝聚型分布,平均密度较小,其主要受高程、坡度、水系和交通的影响。差异性特征体现在,汉族聚落分布均衡,核密度呈带状聚集形态;藏族聚落所处海拔较高,分布极不均衡,核密度呈散点状聚集形态;回族聚落空间分布特征则介于汉族与藏族之间,分布较为均衡,核密度呈团状聚集形态,这些差异性主要受到了高程、坡度和宗教文化的影响。

The research on the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural settlements in the multi-ethnic areas of the Taohe River Basin in Gansu Province is of great significance to optimize the settlement pattern and the sustainable development of villages.ArcGIS10.5 spatial analysis software and spatial geography analysis method was used in this paper to reveal an insight into the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of settlements in this area,and the following conclusions are drawn.The spatial distribution of settlements in the multi-ethnic cluster in its reaches is of both commonness and difference.Common characteristics among the three are reflected in the clustered distribution type,with a small average density,which is mainly affected by elevation,slope,river system and traffic.The differences are shown in the balanced distribution of Han settlements and the banded aggregation of kernel density,Tibetan settlements are high in altitude and extremely uneven in distribution and share scattered kernel density.The spatial distribution characteristics of Hui settlements are between Han and Tibetan ethnic groups,and its distribution is relatively balanced.Its kernel density appears to be in the form of cluster aggregation.The differences are mainly under the impact of elevation,slope and religious culture.