近红外二区聚集诱导发光探针在生物医学中的应用

Near-Infrared-ⅡAIE Probes for Biomedical Applications

近红外二区聚集诱导发光探针在生物医学中的应用是一个新兴的研究领域。近红外二区聚集诱导发光探针突破了传统荧光探针穿透深度浅、光损伤小以及聚集态荧光效率低下的限制,为深层组织的高分辨率荧光成像提供了可能。研究表明,通过合理的分子设计可实现近红外二区聚集诱导发光探针激发态能量辐射跃迁与非辐射跃迁之间的可控调节,即单一近红外二区聚集诱导发光探针可同时兼具荧光、光声和光热三模态成像能力,以及多模成像指导的光热和光动力治疗。目前,近红外二区聚集诱导发光探针已发展为构建疾病诊疗一体化平台的重要选择之一。基于此,本综述系统总结了近红外二区聚集诱导发光探针的最新研究进展,主要包括分子设计及其在生物医学中的应用。最后提出目前的发展瓶颈,并对其未来的发展方向与前景进行了展望。

The biomedical application of aggregation-induced emission(AIE)nanoprobes that emit fluorescence in the second near-infrared(NIR-Ⅱ)optical window is an emerging research area.In comparison with traditional fluorescent materials,NIR-ⅡAIE nanoprobes have been established to show superiority in deeper tissue penetration ability,minimized light damage,and good quantum yield in aggregated state.It has been proven that rational molecular engineering could realize the controllable regulation between the radiative and nonradiative dispersion of the excited state energy of the NIR-ⅡAIE chromophores.The unique propeller-like conformation of AIE luminogens determines its easily modulable attribute between radiative decay which can be used for fluorescence imaging(FLI)and nonradiative decay which can be harnessed to conduct photothermal imaging(PTI)/photoacoustic imaging(PAI)/photothermal therapy(PTT)/photodynamic therapy(PDT).At present,AIE luminogens have developed into an alternative candidate to build integrated“one-for-all”theranostic platform.Herein,this review systematically summarizes the latest research advancements of NIR-ⅡAIE probes,on the aspects of molecular design and biomedical applications.Besides,the current challenges and future research directions of NIR-ⅡAIE nanoprobes are briefly discussed in the end.