问题金融机构处置的实践探索与模式分析

Practical Exploration and Model Analysis of the Disposal of Problematic Financial Institutions

近几年来,我国对高风险金融机构进行了较大规模的处置工作,但风险形势仍然较为严峻。建议设立金融稳定保障基金,培育专业处置问题金融机构的市场体系。借鉴国际经验,组建并完善专业化的托管处置机构,集中统一管理问题金融机构的退出问题,专职负责对问题金融机构的托管、清算和重组工作。同时,要在组建专业化问题金融机构托管处置机构的基础上,建立中国问题金融机构的退出机制,并抓紧完善问题金融机构退出机制的支持体系:健全问题金融机构托管处置的法律体系,规范问题金融机构的处置方式,完善问题金融机构救助的资金体系,提升问题金融机构不良资产的实质性处置,充分发挥存款保险机制的作用,延伸相应的运作体系。

There is a positive correlation between high-risk financial institutions and financial crisis.Though China has carried out large-scale disposal of high-risk financial institutions in recent years,the risk situation is still relatively severe,and various explicit and potential problematic financial institutions still threaten the operation of the financial system.The reasons for this situation are multiple,but simply borrowing the idea of disposing of nonperforming assets to dispose of high-risk financial institutions may be one of the important reasons.The following suggestions are put forward when establishing the institutional arrangement of the financial stability guarantee fund:placing emphasis on fostering a market system for professional disposal of high-risk financial institutions;drawing on international experience to form and improve a professional trusteeship disposal institution which is exclusively responsible for the trusteeship,liquidation and restructuring of high-risk financial institutions;studying the establishment of a restructuring and exit mechanism for problematic financial institutions at the regulatory level,and urgently improving the relevant supporting system;improving the legal system for the trusteeship disposal of problematic;perfecting the legal system of trusteeship and disposal of financial institutions and standardizing the way of disposal of problematic financial institutions;improving the fund system for the rescue of problematic financial institutions and enhancing the substantive disposal of non-performing assets of problematic financial institutions;extending the deposit insurance mechanism to the operational system of disposal of problematic financial institutions.