基于RS与水动力模型的鄱阳湖草洲产卵型鱼类潜在产卵场识别

IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL SPAWNING GROUNDS OF FISH SPAWNING ON GRASSLANDS IN POYANG LAKE BASED ON RS AND HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL

鱼类产卵场的研究与保护对维持鱼类生物多样性具有重要意义,研究结合遥感数据与水动力模型,旨在识别2000—2020年鄱阳湖草洲产卵型鱼类潜在产卵场,并分析其时空变化特征,探究现有保护区对产卵场的保护效率。结果表明,近20年来鄱阳湖鱼类潜在产卵场面积呈增加趋势,空间上呈现从湖岸向中心扩张趋势。2005年前后潜在产卵场平均面积分别为519.97和694.42 km2,产卵场面积与空间分布均发生显著变化。2005年前潜在产卵场主要分布于鄱阳湖西部的永修、新建,以及东部的鄱阳和南部的余干等地近岸区域。2005年之后产卵场向湖中心扩张,都昌水域出现大片连续的潜在产卵场。鄱阳湖鲤鲫产卵场省级自然保护区内平均包含了17.75%的潜在产卵场,鄱阳湖的蝶形湖平均分布有34.73%的潜在产卵场。潜在产卵场分布可以进一步指导鄱阳湖保护区的优化和鱼类产卵场调查,研究使用的方法也适用于其他区域草洲产卵型鱼类潜在产卵场的识别研究。

Research and conservation of fish spawning grounds are important for restoring fish biodiversity.This study combined remote sensing and hydrodynamic model to identify the potential spawning grounds of phytophilic fish in Poyang Lake from 2000 to 2020,and analyze their spatial and temporal variation characteristics to investigate the protection efficiency of the current spawning ground natural reserve.The results showed that the area of potential spawning grounds has been increasing in the past 20 years,and expanded from the lake shore to the center of the lake.The average area of potential spawning grounds before and after 2005 is 519.97 and 694.42 km2,respectively,the area and spatial distribution of spawning grounds have changed significantly.After 2005,the spawning grounds expanded to the center of the lake,and a large area of continuous potential spawning grounds appeared in Duchang.The current nature reserve contains 17.75%of potential spawning grounds on average,and the sub-lakes contains 34.73%of potential spawning grounds on average.The distribution of potential spawning grounds can further guide the optimization of the reserve and the field survey in Poyang Lake,and the method used in the study is also applicable to the identification of potential spawning grounds of phytophilic fish in other regions.