海南岛中部山区暖云人工增雨催化试验物理效果分析

Physical effect analysis of warm cloud-seeding experiment for artificial precipitation enhancement in central mountain areas of Hainan Island

利用雷达、降水及探空资料对2015—2020年海南岛昌江霸王岭及五指山毛阳试验点的暖云吸湿性焰条催化试验在不同月份及天气系统影响下的增雨效果进行评估并通过选取典型个例研究催化过程的物理响应特征。结果表明:南海低压槽和华南沿海槽影响下的催化试验整体增雨正效果较明显,平均绝对增雨量均超过未催化组2.00 mm。7、8、9月暖云催化试验均能展现出不同程度的增雨正效果,其中8月催化试验平均绝对增雨量最高,达4.71 mm。海南岛2个试验点总催化样本平均绝对增雨量0.73 mm,平均相对增雨率13.52%,平均增水量39.73万m^(3)。由典型个例的物理检验中发现,催化后0.5 h是一个关键时刻,即催化云和对比云的几乎所有物理检验指标约在催化后0.5 h后拉开差距。

Based on the observation data such as radar,rainfall and radiosonde,the precipitation enhancement effect of the warm cloud-seeding experiments using hygroscopic flares at Bawangling,Changjiang and Maoyang,Wuzhishan in Hainan Island from 2015 to2020 in different months and weather systems is conducted.On this basis,the physical response characteristics of the catalysis process are analyzed through typical cases.The results show that positive effect of seeding experiments under the influence of the low pressure trough in the South China Sea and the South China coast is relatively obvious,and the average absolute precipitation increment of cloud seeded experiments is 2.00 mm higher than that of cloud unseeded experiments.The warm cloud-seeding experiments in July,August,and September all showed different level positive effect of precipitation enhancement.The warm cloud-seeding experiments in August had the highest average absolute increment of precipitation,which is 4.71 mm.For the total warm cloud-seeding experiments of the two sites in Hainan Island,the average absolute precipitation increment is 0.73 mm,the average relative precipitation increase and average water increment is 13.52%and 39.73×10^(4)m^(3)respectively.From the physical evaluation of typical case,0.5 h after catalysis is critical moment,after which the gap of almost all physical parameters between seeded cloud and contrast cloud is widened.