我国本科课程目标的形式特点——基于702份高校教师课程教学大纲的文本分析

The Formal Characteristics of Undergraduate Curriculum Objectives in China——Text Analysis Based on 702 Teaching Syllabus of University Teachers

本科课程目标是本科课程教学的重要一环。课程目标的内容构成和外在形式共同反映了支撑课程目标的价值观。本研究着重于本科课程目标的形式特点,对702份高校本科教师课程目标样本进行了文本分析,研究发现:课程目标的名称呈现多样化现象;课程目标的结构以不分类的单一结构为主,而同时考虑目标横向结构和纵向结构的复合结构较少;课程目标的内容中,仅包含认知目标的单一目标居多,包含认知目标和非认知目标的多元目标居少;课程目标的表述多数是教师视角的,少数从学生角度进行表述,也存在教师和学生的双重视角的表述方式;只有少数课程目标注重了与其他课程要素的关联。本科课程目标的形式特点表明,传统教学观念根深蒂固,新理念的生效还有待时日,行政力量的推动或可加速课程目标整体情况的改进。

The objective of undergraduate curriculum is the core of undergraduate curriculum teaching.The content composition and external form of curriculum objectives reflect the values supporting curriculum objectives.This study focuses on the formal characteristics of undergraduate curriculum objectives,and analyzes 702 samples of undergraduate teachers’curriculum objectives.It finds that:the names of curriculum objectives are diversified;the structure of curriculum objectives is dominated by a single structure which is not classified,but few compound structure which considers both transverse and longitudinal structures of the objectives;among the contents of curriculum objectives,the single objective which only contains cognitive objectives is the most,and the multiple objectives which include cognitive objectives and non-cognitive objectives are the least;the expression of the curriculum objective is mostly from the perspective of teachers,or from the dual perspective of teachers and students,but few from the perspective of students;only a few curriculum objectives focus on the relationship with other curriculum elements.The formal characteristics of undergraduate curriculum objectives show that the traditional teaching concept is deeply rooted,and the effectiveness of the new concept remains to be seen.The promotion of administrative force may accelerate the improvement of the overall situation of the curriculum objectives.