YTHDC1 m6A修饰调控与疾病发病机制的研究进展

Recent progress in study of YTHDC1 m~6A modification and regulation and pathological mechanism of diseases

表观遗传学是指DNA序列不变的情况下,基于非基因序列改变所致的基因表达水平的变化[1],如DNA甲基化[2]、RNA甲基化[3]、组蛋白修饰[4]、染色质构象变化[5]等。表观遗传学在真核生物中的变化主要是调控细胞增殖[6-7]、分化[8]、代谢[3,9]、周期循环[10]以及免疫调控[11]等生物学过程,这一过程中通过某些调控分子量的变化或发生结构修饰变化等,进而靶向调节下游靶基因的生物学效应。

N~6-methyladenosine (m~6A) RNA modification is a key field in epigenetics,which is considered as a key regulator of gene expression and protein translation.In recent years,with the deep development of studies on methyltransferase and demethylase,more and more studies have found that methyl-binding protein plays an important role in the methylation modification of m~6A RNA.The YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing protein 1 (YTHDC1),as the only intranuclear RNA m~6A methylated binding protein in the m~6A modified YTH domain family of methyl-binding proteins,has a relatively unique role in selective splicing and nuclear export,as well as regulating RNA stability and degradation.Furthermore,it plays a very extensive and important role in regulating the occurrence and development of many diseases.This paper reviews the effects of YTHDC1 on the pathogenesis of diseases and the specific mechanisms,so as to further understand the importance of YTHDC1 in regulating the occurrence and development of the diseases.