功能性非编码RNAs在鸡肉肌内脂肪沉积中的调节作用

Regulation of functional non-coding RNAs and their role in intramuscular adipose deposition in chickens

非编码RNAs(non-conding RNAs,ncRNAs)是一类没有编码蛋白质功能的RNAs,在基因转录、翻译过程中起重要调控作用。肌内脂肪(intramuscular fat,IMF)对鸡肉的风味、嫩度和多汁性具有重要影响,其含量与肌肉品质呈正相关,直接影响家禽肉品质。近年来,利用微小RNAs(microRNAs,miRNAs)、长链非编码RNAs(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNAs)和环状RNAs(circular RNAs,circRNAs)研究鸡IMF沉积的调控机制取得了一定进展,为表观遗传标记应用于动物遗传育种奠定了基础。笔者介绍了IMF形成与沉积的生物学过程、ncRNAs的生物学特点及作用模式,着重阐述了miRNAs、lncRNAs和circRNAs调控鸡肉IMF沉积的研究进展,为进一步研究miRNAs、lncRNAs和circRNAs在家禽肉品质调控方面的作用提供理论依据。

Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)is a kind of RNAs that has no function of encoding protein and plays an important regulatory role in gene transcription and translation.Intramuscular fat(IMF)has an important effect on the flavor,tenderness,and juiciness of chicken,and its content is positively correlated with muscle quality,which directly affects the meat quality of poultry.In recent years,some progress has been made in studying the regulation mechanism of chicken IMF deposition by using microRNAs(miRNAs),long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),and circular RNAs(circRNAs),which laid a foundation for the application of epigenetic markers in animal genetics and breeding.The formation and deposition of IMF,biological characteristics and mode of action of non-coding RNA were introduced by the author,and the research progress of miRNAs,lncRNAs and circRNAs regulating IMF deposition in chicken was emphasized,in order to provide theoretical basis for further research on the regulation of poultry meat quality by miRNAs,lncRNAs and circRNAs.