2017—2021年南阳市猪主要病毒病的病原学检测与分析

Etiological detection and analysis of major viral diseases of pigs in Nanyang City from 2017 to 2021

为了掌握2017—2021年南阳市猪主要病毒病的流行情况,试验应用RT-PCR/PCR方法对采集的261份临床病料样品进行猪瘟病毒(Classical swine fever virus,CSFV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)、猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV-2)、猪圆环病毒3型(Porcine circovirus type 3,PCV-3)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)5种病原的检测,并按不同地区、不同年份、不同季节及混合感染和单一感染情况进行统计分析。结果表明:南阳市存在CSFV、PRRSV、PCV-2、PCV-3和PRV的流行,以PCV-2的阳性率(24.52%)最高,PRV(9.96%)次之,CSFV和PRRSV的阳性率(3.45%和3.83%)较低。CSFV、PRRSV、PCV-2、PCV-3、PRV阳性率最高的地区分别为宛城区(6.90%)、镇平县(8.57%)、社旗县(30.30%)、内乡县(9.38%)、镇平县(14.29%)。PCV-2、PRV阳性率呈逐年降低趋势,PCV-3阳性率呈逐年升高趋势。CSFV、PRRSV、PCV-2、PCV-3、PRV阳性率最高的季节分别为秋季(4.05%)、冬季(4.94%)、秋季(28.38%)、秋季(6.76%)、冬季(12.35%)。单一病毒感染样品阳性率为27.59%,两种及两种以上病毒混合感染样品阳性率为9.58%。说明河南省南阳市猪群中流行的病毒种类多且感染情况复杂,给该地区猪病毒病的综合防控工作带来了严峻的挑战。

In order to master the prevalence of major porcine viral diseases in Nanyang City from 2017 to 2021,the experiment used RT-PCR/PCR method to detect five pathogens in 261 clinical samples,including Classical swine fever virus(CSFV),Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),Porcine circovirus type 2(PCV-2),Porcine circovirus type 3(PCV-3),and Pseudorabies virus(PRV).Statistical analysis was carried out according to different regions,different years,different seasons,and mixed or single infection.The results showed that there were epidemics of CSFV,PRRSV,PCV-2,PCV-3 and PRV in Nanyang City,with the highest positive rate of PCV-2(24.52%),followed by PRV(9.96%),and the lowest positive rates of CSFV and PRRSV(3.45%and 3.83%).The highest positive rates of CSFV,PRRSV,PCV-2,PCV-3 and PRV were Wancheng District(6.90%),Zhenping County(8.57%),Sheqi County(30.30%),Neixiang County(9.38%)and Zhenping County(14.29%)respectively.The positive rates of PCV-2 and PRV showed a decreasing trend year by year,and the positive rate of PCV-3 showed an increasing trend year by year.The highest positive rates of CSFV,PRRSV,PCV-2,PCV-3,and PRV were in fall(4.05%),winter(4.94%),fall(28.38%),fall(6.76%),and winter(12.35%),respectively.The positive rate of single virus infection samples was 27.59%,and the positive rate of mixed infection samples with two or more viruses was 9.58%.The results suggested that there were many types of viruses and complex infections prevalent in the pig herd in Nanyang City of Henan Province,which posed a serious challenge to the integrated prevention and control of swine viral diseases in this region.