戳破数据立法泡沫:数据立法的实践性困境及其破解

Bursting the Bubble of Data Legislation: The Overall Problem of Data Legislation and Its Solution

数字经济的快速发展,使得数据这一核心要素在实践中越来越受到重视,与之伴随的是数据立法潮的快速兴起。通过积极的数据立法实现对数据的有效利用和控制,同时在国际的数据之争中赢得规则层面的主动权,是当下我国为回应数字经济时代的治理需求所采取的主要措施。但也应该看到,由于我国数据立法技术尚不成熟,在实践中出现了“学习式”立法、“压力式”立法、“运动式”立法等实践性困境,导致了过剩化、同质化、形式化等立法泡沫现象,实际效果并不理想。数据立法泡沫出现的根源在于,没有重视基于本土制度与国情的创建者效应、无法正确应对数字资本、未能仔细甄别数字时代复杂的利益博弈趋势。戳破当下数据立法泡沫的关键,是从我国技术发展和社会发展的总体趋势出发,明确不同利益主体的核心诉求以划定利益位阶,从精从细出发真正提升立法供给的实效性。

With the rapid development of digital economy, the core element of data has been paid more and more attention, which is accompanied by the rapid rise of data legislation. To achieve effective utilization and control of data through fast data legislation, and at the same time win the initiative at the level of rules in international data disputes, major measures are taken by our country to actively respond to the governance needs of the digital economy era. However, it should also be noted that due to the immature technology of data legislation in our country, overall problems such as “learning-style” legislation, “pressure feedback-style” legislation and “movement-style” legislation appear in practice, which leads to the bubble of data legislation, as well as non-ideal real effect.