2017-2021年汕头市龙湖区疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Analysis on adverse events following immunization in Longhu District of Shantou City in 2017-2021

目的 分析汕头市龙湖区2017-2021年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生率及发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况及接种疫苗的安全性。方法 通过AEFI信息管理系统收集龙湖区2017-2021年报告的AEFI个案资料,采用描述流行病学方法对AEFI病例相关指标进行分析。结果 龙湖区2017-2021年共报告AEFI个案141例(12.89/10万剂次),其中异常反应占50.4%(71/141)、一般反应占41.1%(58/141),其余占8.5%(12/141)。AEFI报告主要集中在4岁以内年龄段,5~8月报告数较多。报告涉及疫苗品种26种,发生率居前4位的疫苗分别为百白破疫苗、乙脑疫苗、麻风疫苗、麻腮风疫苗。结论 龙湖区AEFI监测系统运转良好,所使用的疫苗安全性较好,需重点关注报告发生率高的疫苗,加强AEFI相关宣传和培训,提高监测质量。

Objective To analyze the incidence and characteristics of adverse events following immunization(AEFIs) in Longhu District of Shantou City from 2017 to 2021 and evaluate the operation of the AEFI monitoring system and the safety of vaccines. Methods The data of AEFIs reported from 2017 to 2021 in Longhu District were collected through the AEFI Information Management System. Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze AEFI related indicators. Results A total of 141 cases of AEFIs(12.89/100 thousand doses) were reported in Longhu District during 2017 to 2021, of which abnormal events accounted for 50.4%(71/141), general events accounted for 41.1%(58/141), and the rest accounted for 8.5%(12/141). The AEFIs mainly occurred at the age under 4 years old and from May to August. The AEFIs involves 26 varieties of vaccines, of which the top four vaccines with the highest incidence of AEFIs were DPT vaccine, JE vaccine, MR vaccine and MMR vaccine. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system of Longhu works well. The vaccines used are relatively safe.However, attention should be paid to the vaccines with high reported incidence, the publicity and training related to AEFI should be strengthened and the quality of monitoring should be further improved.