胃癌免疫治疗研究进展

Advances in immunotherapy for gastric cancer

胃癌是全球常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率和死亡率一直位居前列。我国胃癌大部分是中晚期,5年生存率不理想,预后差。以氟尿嘧啶和铂类为核心的传统化疗方案在过去几十年虽是一线治疗的首要选择,但带来的长期生存获益有限。免疫治疗作为当前肿瘤治疗领域的研究热点和新兴治疗方法,已被多项临床研究证实可以明显改善中晚期胃癌患者的生存率。本文介绍了包括免疫检查点抑制剂、过继性免疫细胞治疗、肿瘤特异性疫苗在内的免疫治疗方面的研究进展,旨在为胃癌的免疫治疗提供新的思考和方向。

Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor worldwide,and its incidence and mortality rate has been among the highest.Most of the tumor stages of gastric cancer in China are intermediate and advanced,with unsatisfactory five-year survival rates and poor prognosis.Although traditional chemotherapy regimens centered on fluorouracil and platinum have been the primary choice of first-line treatment in the past decades,they have brought limited long-term survival benefits.Immunotherapy,a current research hotspot and emerging therapeutic approach in the field of oncology treatment,has been proven in several clinical studies to significantly improve the survival of patients with intermediate to advanced gastric cancer.This article introduces research advances in immunotherapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors,adoptive cell therapy,and tumor-specific vaccines,aiming to provide new thinking and direction for immunotherapy of gastric cancer.