产量和株型性状良好的抗晚斑病花生新种质创制

Development of novel peanut germplasm with resistance to late leaf spot and elite yield and plant-type characteristics

花生晚斑病抗性常与不良的产量和株型性状相连锁,为发现更多综合性状优良的抗晚斑病品种,以感病亲本中花5号和抗病亲本ICGV 86699及其杂交构建的重组自交系群体(recombined inbreed lines, RIL)为材料,进行晚斑病抗性、产量和株型相关性状的调查,以筛选综合性状优良的抗病新种质。结果表明,4个环境下共发现18个稳定高抗和26个稳定中抗晚斑病的家系;在两个环境中对百果重和单株结果数进行考察,筛选出38个百果重(≥180.0 g)和单株果数(≥20.0个)都比较大的家系;同样,在两个环境中筛选出主茎高(30~60 cm)和总分枝数(≤20.0个)适中的家系54个。综合分析晚斑病病害等级、产量和株型相关性状,共鉴定出4份产量和株型相关性状优良的抗晚斑病新种质,其中1份高抗晚斑病,3份为中抗晚斑病。该研究结果为培育综合性状优良的抗晚斑病花生品种奠定了理论和材料基础。

Linkage between late leaf spot resistance and poor yield and plant type traits of peanut makes it difficult to find out elite comprehensive materials in China. In this study, the parents and the recombinant inbreed lines(RILs) population derived from Zhonghua 5 × ICGV 86699 were assessed for their resistance to late leaf spot,and also yield and plant-type traits. Results revealed that the late leaf spot disease scores were investigated in 4 environments, and a total of 18 stable highly resistant and 26 resistant lines were identified. In 2 environments, 38lines were selected with elite traits of hundred pod weight (≥180.0 g) and pods per plant (≥20.0). Similarly, a total of 54 lines were selected with moderate main stem height(30-60 cm) and total number of branches (≤20.0) in the 2 environments. By comprehensive analysis of late leaf spot disease scores, yield-related and plant-type related traits, 4 novel germplasm were found. Among them, one had high resistance to late spot disease with high yield and elite plant type related traits, 3 had moderate resistance with high yield and elite plant type related traits.