《说文解字》反形字辨正

Shuo Wen Jie Zi the Reverse Form Words Differention

反形字是《说文解字》中一类特殊的字形现象,主要分为左右反写和上下倒写。许慎在《说文解字》当中指出30组反形字,并用6种释读体例对它进行解读。从字形来看,30组当中,有5组不能独立成字,严格来说不能算作反形字,此外还有7组字形相反的反形字没有指出;从字义来看,实际存在的32组反形字当中,意义相似的有5组,意义相反的有18组,意义无关的有9组。反形字的成因与汉字自身字形发展的需求及历代文字的规范政策有关。

The reverse form word is a special form phenomenon in Shuo Wen Jie Zi,which is mainly divided into left and right reverse writing and up and down reverse writing.Xu Shen points out 30 groups of the reverse form words in Shuo Wen Jie Zi and interprets them with 6 kinds of interpreting styles.From the point of view of the shape,among the 30 groups,5 groups can not be independently formed into words,strictly speaking,can not be counted as the reverse form words.In addition,there are 7 groups of the reverse form words with opposite shapes that are not marked;From the perspective of meaning,among the32 groups of actual the reverse form words,there are 5 groups with similar meanings,18 groups with opposite meanings,and 9 groups with unrelated meanings.The cause of the reverse form words is related to the needs of the development of Chinese characters and the standard policies of Chinese characters in the past.