论陈留的区域文化对蔡邕的影响

On the Influence of Chen Liu’s Regional Culture on Cai Yong

近年的蔡邕研究多集中在其辞赋和碑文上,而对地域文化对于蔡邕的影响却鲜有论及。蔡邕出仕以前一直闲居故乡陈留,所以陈留的地域文化对蔡邕的影响极大。东汉时期的陈留有着鲜明、独特的地域文化,其地域文化及对蔡邕的影响体现在:陈留的部分地区在先秦时期是宋国、陈国、郑国、卫国的故地,而宋、陈是老庄思想的发源地,此地的隐逸风气自先秦时就长盛不衰,而蔡邕三十八岁之前一直隐居乡里,当与其故乡的隐逸氛围有关;东汉晚期陈留士人擅长清谈、爱好文艺的风气对蔡邕也影响甚大,蔡邕为了在清谈中取胜还援引《论衡》为助;陈留士人好读书、尚著述的风气促使蔡邕走上了治学之路,以致蔡邕的后半生一直致力于修史工作。蔡邕的行为方式和人生道路的选择均受到陈留区域风气的影响。

In recent years, the study about Cai Yong mainly has focused on his poems and scripts.However, there is little attention paid to the influence of regional culture on Cai Yong. To discuss the relationship between Cai Yong and the regional culture, firstly let’s talk about the relationship between him and his hometown, Chen Liu, according to the historial records, where he spent several decades untill he reached his middle age. As a consequence, the regional culture has greatly affected Cai Yong. According to the historical materials, the infuence of unique regional culture on Cai Yong is reflected in several aspects: Firstly, in the pre-Qin Period, several parts of Chen Liu was the old annexed territory of Song State, Chen State, Wei State, and the Philolosphy of Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi originates from the states of Song and Chen. Since the pre-Qin period, the ethos of reclusion has endured for a long time and affected Cai profoundly. Cai Yong lived in seclusion until the age of 38. Secondly, in the late Eastern Han Dynasty people in Chen Liu area were skilled in elegant chatting, debating, and literature and arts, they had a great influence on Cai Yong. To take the upper hand in elegant talks, Cai Yong cited Lun Heng. Finally, the local people’s good quality of preference for reading and writting affected Cai Yong and prompted him into the career of scholars. Cai Yong spent his life composing historical books and made numerous achievements. In conclusion, the regional environment has a profound influence on Cai Yong’s manner of behavior and the choice of his life.