染色剂在染色玻璃体切除术中的应用研究进展

Progress in research and application of vital dyes in chromovitrectomy

染色玻璃体切除术,是在玻璃体视网膜手术过程中使用眼内染色剂,将玻璃体后皮质、视网膜前膜、内界膜等眼内透明组织染色以便于操作的一种手术方式,可以避免与玻璃体不完全切除、视网膜前膜剥离及内界膜剥离不完全等相关的眼内并发症。眼内染色剂种类众多,目前临床上常用的有:吲哚菁绿(indocyanine green,ICG)、次菁绿(infracyanine green,IfCG)、曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide,TA)、台盼蓝(trypan blue,TB)、亮蓝G(brilliant blue G,BBG)。最早用于眼内染色的是吲哚菁绿,可以很好的显示内界膜。继吲哚菁绿之后,台盼蓝用以识别特发性视网膜前膜,曲安奈德用以染色玻璃体。最近发现从果实中提取的天然染料,例如:叶黄素,花青素也被用于眼内玻璃体切除手术。该篇综述的主要目的为探讨染色玻璃体切除术中各类眼内染色剂的研究现状及前景。

Chromovitrectomy is a surgical method that uses intraocular dyes during vitreoretinal surgery to stain transparent tissues in the eye such as the posterior vitreous cortex,epiretinal membrane and inner limiting membrane for easy operation.It can avoid the intraocular complications associated with incomplete vitrectomy,incomplete epiretinal membrane peeling and incomplete internal limiting membrane peeling.At present,the commonly used vital dyes in clinic are as follows:indocyanine green,infracyanine green,triamcinolone acetonide,trypan blue,brilliant blue G.Indocyanine green was first used for intraocular staining,which can show the inner limiting membrane well.Following indocyanine green,trypan blue is used to identify idiopathic epiretinal membranes and triamcinolone acetonide is used to stain the vitreous.Recently,it has been discovered that natural dyes extracted from fruits,such as lutein and anthocyanins,are also used in intraocular vitrectomy.The main purpose of this review is to explore the research status and prospects of various intraocular stains in stained vitrectomy.