三级甲等儿童医院血液肿瘤科护士专业生活品质现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the current status and influence factors of professional quality of life among nurses in the department of hematology and oncology in tertiary grade A children′s hospitals

目的调查分析三级甲等儿童医院血液肿瘤科护士专业生活品质的现状及其影响因素,为提高儿童血液肿瘤科护士专业生活品质提供一定的参考。方法本研究为横断面调查。采取便利抽样法,于2021年7—9月使用一般资料调查表、专业生活品质量表和护理实践环境量表对4所三级甲等儿童医院205名血液肿瘤科护士进行问卷调查,采用多元线性回归分析护士专业生活品质的影响因素。结果血液肿瘤科护士低度慈心满意、高度工作倦怠和高度二次创伤应激分别占21.0%(43/205)、26.3%(54/205)和36.6%(75/205)。多元线性回归分析显示,心理健康辅导情况、家庭支持情况和护士参与医院事务3个因素是血液肿瘤科护士慈心满意的主要影响因素(t=2.08、4.21、2.34,均P<0.05),可解释总变异的60.3%;家庭支持情况、离职意向、充足的人力和物力、年龄、子女人数5个因素是血液肿瘤科护士工作倦怠的主要影响因素(t值为-4.42~2.33,均P<0.05),可解释总变异的55.8%;家庭支持情况、充足的人力和物力、年龄3个因素是血液肿瘤科护士二次创伤应激的主要影响因素(t=-2.37、-2.22、2.82,均P<0.05),可解释总变异的15.3%。结论三级甲等儿童医院血液肿瘤科护士的专业生活品质有待进一步提高。护理管理者应借鉴先进管理理念,积极改善血液肿瘤科护士实践环境,增加护士人力配比,鼓励护士参与医院事务,同时重视对护士的情感支持,定期开展心理健康辅导,不断提升护士的专业生活品质。

Objective To describe current status and analyze influencing factors of professional quality of life among nurses in the department of hematology and oncology in tertiary grade A children's hospitals,so as to provide some reference for improving the professional quality of life among nurses in the department of pediatric hematological oncology.Methods This study was a cross-sectional study.By convenient sampling method,the General Data Scale,Professional Quality of Life Scale and Practice Environment Scale were used to investigate 205 nurses in the department of hematology and oncology in 4 tertiary grade A children's hospitals.Influencing factors of professional quality of life among nurses were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results Nurses in the department of pediatric hematological oncology with a low level of compassion satisfaction,high level of burnout and secondary trauma stress accounted for 21.0%(43/205),26.3%(54/205)and 36.6%(75/205),respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that mental health counseling,family supporting and nurses participating in hospital affairs entered into the multiple regression equation of compassion satisfaction(t=2.08,4.21,2.34,all P<0.05),which explained 60.3%of the total variety.Family supporting,turnover intention,sufficient manpower and materials,age and number of children entered into the multiple regression equation of burnout(t values were-4.42-2.33,all P<0.05),which explained 55.8%of the total variety.Family supporting,sufficient manpower and materials,age entered into the multiple regression equation of secondary trauma stress(t=-2.37,-2.22,2.82,all P<0.05),which explained 15.3%of the total variety.Conclusions The professional quality of life among nurses in the department of pediatric hematology and oncology needs to be improved.Nursing managers should learn from advanced management concepts,actively improve the nursing practice environment of hematology and oncology department,increase the number of nurses,encourage nurses to participate in hospital affairs,attach importance to emotional support for nurses,and carry out regular mental health counseling,continuously improve the quality of professional life of nurses.