广东省中山市2~6岁儿童打鼾现况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of sleep snoring status of children aged 2 to 6 years in Zhongshan City,Guangdong Province

目的调查中山市2~6岁儿童的鼾症现况及白天行为模式,分析打鼾频率与白天行为的相关性。方法2018年3月至2019年2月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取中山市5个区6所幼儿园的1880名儿童进行问卷调查。问卷以澳大利亚悉尼儿童医院睡眠中心临床问卷为基准,结合国内实际情况自制问卷调查表。收回有效问卷1802份。结果鼾症儿童出现白天行为症状的概率为非鼾症儿童的1.51倍;在每周打鼾次数<3次时,鼾症程度越高的儿童白天行为症状的发病率越高;鼾症儿童出现白天嗜睡、注意力下降、多动、不合群的频率高于非鼾症儿童;每天睡眠总时间不足、入睡困难和仰卧的儿童白天行为症状的发病率较高。结论鼾症患儿比非鼾症患儿有更高的白天行为问题风险,应提倡对儿童鼾症的早期干预治疗。

Objective To investigate the snoring status and daytime behavior patterns of children aged 2 to 6 years in Zhongshan City,and analyze the correlation between snoring frequency and daytime behavior.Methods From March 2018 to February 2019,1880 children from 6 kindergartens in 5 districts of Zhongshan were selected by a stratified cluster random sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey.The questionnaire was based on the clinical questionnaire of the Sleep Disorders Scale for Children from Sydney,Australia,and customized according to the situation in China.Totally 1802 valid questionnaires were recovered.Results The odds for children in the snoring group developing daytime behavioral symptoms were 1.51 times that of the children in the non-snoring group;when the frequency of snoring was less than three times per week,children with higher severity of snoring showed a higher incidence of daytime behavioral symptoms;children in the snoring group had higher frequency in daytime sleepiness,lower inattention,hyperactivity and incompatibility than non-snoring group;children with insufficient total sleep time per day,difficulty falling asleep,and supine position had a higher incidence of daytime behavioral symptoms.Conclusion Compared with non-snoring children,children with snoring have an increased risk of daytime behavior problems.Early intervention and treatment of children with snoring should be advocated.