儿童功能性运动障碍的临床与康复进展

Clinical and rehabilitation progress of functional movement disorders in children

功能性运动障碍(FMDs)是一种复杂的神经行为障碍,与典型神经系统疾病中常见的运动障碍有明显差异。FMDs的发病是易感性、诱发和持续性因素共同作用的生物-心理-社会模式,神经生物学和遗传因素均参与其机制。近年来COVID-19大流行的环境和社交媒体的广泛使用也对FMDs的发病产生影响。建立FMDs临床诊断需要明确的临床特征、阳性体征和神经影像特征及电生理学检查。多学科治疗和家庭参与对儿童患者的预后有积极的作用。未来需要开展围绕儿童患者的基础和临床研究。对儿科医生、儿童保健人员和公众进行有关FMDs的专业培训和宣传教育十分重要。

Functional movement disorders(FMDs)are complex neurobehavioral disorders that differ markedly from the movement disorders commonly seen in typical neurological disorders.The pathogenesis of FMDs includes bio-psychosocial patterns of predisposing,precipitating and persistent factors,neurobiological mechanisms and genetic mechanisms.The context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the widespread use of social media in recent years also have an impact on the onset of FMDs.Establishing a clinical diagnosis of FMDs requires clear clinical features,positive signs,and neuroimaging and electrophysiological examinations.Multidisciplinary care and family involvement have a positive effect on the outcomes of pediatric patients.In the future,basic and clinical research on children is needed.It is important to carry out professional training and education on FMDs in pediatricians,child health personnel and the public.