欧盟以学校为基础的心理健康干预体系探析

An Analysis on the School-based Mental Health Intervention System in the EU

欧洲各地青少年的心理健康问题对他们的学习和生活产生了严重影响。2014年,38%的青少年报告每周至少出现一次情绪低落和身心失调症状。为有效应对学生的心理危机,欧盟委员会发起了“让每一所学校都成为健康促进学校”的倡议,建立了以学校为基础的心理健康干预体系。在欧盟及各成员国的政策推进下,各地学校普遍采用了“全校性心理健康干预与支持”的干预模式,并实践了包括学校层面、教室层面以及个体层面等多层次的特色干预策略。通过全方位和系统性的干预,2020年欧盟学校心理健康问题显著减少,学生的生活满意度大幅提升,欧盟在学校心理健康干预的政策制定、心理健康干预的组织运行模式以及多元干预策略的有效选择等方面取得了良好成效。

The mental health problems of young people across Europe are having a serious impact on their studies and lives.In 2014,38 percent of teens reported symptoms of low mood and psychosomatic disorders at least once a week.In order to effectively deal with the psychological crisis of students,the European Commission launched the initiative"Making Every School a Health Promoting School"to establish a school-based mental health intervention system.Under the promotion of the policies of the European Union and its member states,the intervention model of"School-Wide Mental Health Interventions and Supports"has been widely adopted in schools across the country,and the intervention strategies at different levels,including school level,classroom level and individual level,have been implemented.Through comprehensive and systematic intervention,mental health problems in schools in the EU were significantly reduced in 2020,and students'life satisfaction was significantly improved.The EU has achieved good results in the policy formulation of mental health intervention in schools,the organization and operation mode of mental health intervention,and the effective selection of multiple intervention strategies.