红曲发酵夏秋茶毒理学评价

Toxicological evaluation of summer-autumn tea fermented by Monascus ruber

目的 利用红曲发酵夏秋茶,探究其急性毒性和遗传毒性。方法 通过急性经口毒性试验评价其食用毒性,通过细菌回复突变试验、哺乳动物红细胞微核试验和体外哺乳动物细胞染色体畸变试验对红曲发酵夏秋茶进行遗传毒性评价。结果 经过急性经口给药的受试动物未见明显中毒症状及死亡,且雌雄小鼠急性经口半数致死量(median lethal dose,LD_(50))大于10 g/(kg BW),属于实际无毒级,哺乳动物红细胞微核试验的阴性对照组、阳性对照组及红曲发酵夏秋茶各剂量组嗜多染红细胞/红细胞(polychromatic erythrocytes/red blood cells,PCE/RBC)比例无明显差别,细菌回复突变试验中各剂量组回变菌落数均未超过自发回变菌落数的2倍,体外哺乳动物细胞染色体畸变试验中红曲发酵夏秋茶无细胞毒性。结论 在本试验研究剂量和条件下,通过红曲发酵的夏秋茶既无食用毒性也无遗传毒性,该结论能为其食用安全提供依据。

Objective To explore the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of summer-autumn tea fermented by Monascus ruber. Methods The acute oral toxicity test was used to evaluate the edible toxicity of summer-autumn tea fermented by Monascus ruber. The genotoxicity of summer-autumn tea fermented by Monascus ruber was evaluated by bacterial reverse mutation test,mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test and in vitro mammalian cell chromosome aberration test. Results The test animals were not poisoned and died after acute oral administration,and the acute oralmedian lethal dose(LD_(50)) greater than 10 g/(kg BW) in male and female mice,which was classified as the actual non-toxic level. There was no significant difference in theratio ofpolychromatic erythrocytes/red blood cells(PCE/RBC) between the negative control group,the positive control group and Monascus ruber fermented summer-autumn tea groups in the mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test. In bacterial reverse mutation test,the number of revertant colonies in Monascus ruber fermented summer-autumn tea groups did not exceed twice the number of spontaneous revertant colonies. The result of in vitro mammalian cell chromosome aberration test was no cytotoxicity in summer autumn tea fermented by Monascus ruber. Conclusion The summer-autumn tea fermented by Monascus ruber has neither edible toxicity nor genotoxicity in this experiment dosage and conditions,which can provide a basis for its edible safety.