诺尼果多糖的提取纯化、结构和生物活性研究进展

Progress on extraction,purification,structure and bioactivity of noni fruit polysaccharide

诺尼果是一种热带和亚热带水果,含有丰富的碳水化合物、维生素、矿物质等营养元素以及多糖、黄酮、多酚等活性成分,有很好的食用和药用价值。诺尼果多糖(noni fruit polysaccharide,NFP)是诺尼果中含量较高的活性成分,具有免疫调节、降脂减肥、抗肿瘤、抗氧化及抗炎等生物活性作用,在生物医药、保健食品等研究开发领域有着良好的应用前景。诺尼果多糖是一种由半乳糖醛酸聚糖组成的天然果胶多糖。不同提取方法制备得到的诺尼果多糖,在糖基组成、链结构及理化性质和生物活性等方面存在一定差异。本文介绍了诺尼果多糖的提取纯化工艺、诺尼果多糖的组成结构特征,以及诺尼果多糖的生物活性方面的最新研究进展,同时综述了诺尼果多糖组成结构与生物活性之间的关系,以期为诺尼果多糖应用于保健食品、药品等领域提供参考。

Noni(Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit with good edible and medicinal value is a tropical and subtropical fruit,and has carbohydrates,vitamins,minerals and other nutrients as well as polysaccharides,flavonoids,polyphenols and other active substances. Noni fruit polysaccharide(NFP) is a high content of active substances in noni fruit. NFP,a natural pectin polysaccharide made up of galacturonan,has bioactive effects on immunomodulatory,lipid-lowering and weight-loss,anti-tumor,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory,and has good application prospects in the research and development of biopharmaceuticals and health foods. The monosaccharide composition,chain structure,physicochemical properties and biological activities of NFP obtained from different extraction methods are not the same. This review introduced the research progress of extraction and purification process,composition and structural characteristics,and biological activities of NFP,and also summarized the relationship between the composition and biological activities of NFP. This review aims to provide references for the application of NFP in health foods and pharmaceuticals.