干预图式健康教育对肺动脉高压患者治疗认知感知的影响

Effects of intervention mapping-based health education on therapeutic cognitive perception of pulmonary arterial hypertension patients

目的探讨干预图在肺动脉高压(PAH)患者健康教育中的应用价值。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,便利选取阜外华中心血管病医院2018年1月至2021年1月收治的60例PAH患者作为研究对象,按照入院时间分为试验组和对照组,每组30例。对照组给予常规护理及健康教育,试验组在此基础上实施干预图式健康教育。采用药物信念问卷(BMQ-S)、Morisky服药依从性量表(MMAS)、6MWT和Borg呼吸困难评分(BS)对干预效果进行评价。结果出院1、3个月,试验组MMAS评分分别为(5.43±1.17)、(5.57±1.17)分,高于对照组的(4.60±1.54)、(4.87±1.41)分,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(t=2.36、2.10,均P<0.05)。出院3个月,试验组BMQ-S中必要性分量表及顾虑性分量表得分、BS评分和6MWT距离分别为(22.93±2.63)、(12.40±2.54)、(3.53±1.20)分和(532.13±38.51)m,对照组分别为(21.27±2.73)、(14.13±3.01)、(4.10±0.84)分和(507.03±51.13)m,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(t值为2.12~2.41,均P<0.05)。结论干预图式健康教育可改善PAH患者治疗认知感知,提高用药依从性,有利于促进康复。

Objective To investigate the application value of intervention mapping-based health education on therapeutic cognitive perception of pulmonary arterial hypertension patients.Methods Totally,60 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension from January 2018 to January 2021 in Huazhong Fuwai Central Vascular Disease Hospital were assigned to the experimental group and control group according to admission time,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received routine health education,while the experimental group implemented intervention mapping-based health education.The intervention effects were assessed by Beliefs about Medicine Questionnaire-Specific(BMQ-S),Morisky Medication Adherence Scale(MMAS),6MWT as well as Borg Scale(BS).Results At 1 month and 3 months after discharge,the scores of MMAS in the experimental group were significantly higher than in the control group[(5.43±1.17)points,(5.57±1.17)points vs(4.60±1.54)points and(4.87±1.41)points],the differences were statistically significant(t=2.36,2.10,both P<0.05).At 3 months after discharge,the scores of necessity belief subscale in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group[(22.93±2.63)points vs(21.27±2.73)points],concern belief subscale scores lower than in the control group[(12.40±2.54)points vs(14.13±3.01)points],6MWT distance in the experimental group higher than in the control group[(532.13±38.51)m vs(507.03±51.13)m],BS scores lower than in the control group[(3.53±1.20)points vs(4.10±0.84)points],the differences were statistically significant(t values were 2.12-2.41,all P<0.05).Conclusions Intervention mapping-based health education can improve therapeutic cognitive perception and medication adherence of pulmonary arterial hypertension,it is helpful to promote rehabilitation of patients.