认知性旅游体验对青年旅游者压力后成长的影响——自我宽恕和人际宽恕的多重链式中介效应研究

The Impact of Cognitive Tourism Experience on Post-stress Growth of Young Tourists:Multiple Chain Mediation Effects of Self-forgiveness and Interpersonal Forgiveness

为了提升青年群体的心理健康水平、促进青年群体实现压力后成长,探究旅游“治愈”价值的本质,文章基于599份调查问卷的结构方程模型分析,剖析了认知性旅游体验对青年旅游者压力后成长的影响机理,检验了自我宽恕和人际宽恕的多重链式中介效应。研究表明:认知性旅游体验是青年实现压力后成长的重要驱动因素;自我宽恕在认知性旅游体验与青年旅游者压力后成长之间的中介效应显著;人际宽恕以及自我宽恕→人际宽恕在认知性旅游体验与青年旅游者压力后成长间存在“遮掩效应”。结合对填写问卷的10位青年旅游者的回访发现:旅行之所以能疗愈内心,让青年实现压力后成长,主要是因为旅游中的所见所思让自己重新认识了自己。该研究尝试从个体认知视角解释旅游体验“治愈”价值的本质,同时有助于提升青年群体心理健康水平。

Today,young people are faced with social and psychological pressures.Some of them may be psychologically weak and unable to work under pressure due to their lack of social experience.In this sense,stressful events are a stumbling block to their growth.The“healing”function of tourism to reduce stress has been proved from multiple perspectives,but few people have explored the nature of the function from the perspective of individual cognition.Exploring the impact mechanism of cognitive tourism experience on young people’s post-stress growth(PSG)from the perspective of individual cognition will help to find an effective path for young people to achieve PSG while revealing the essence of tourism’s healing function.Based on the conservation of resources theory(COR),this study constructs a structural equation model of cognitive tourism experience affecting young tourists’PSG and the mediating role of self-forgiveness and interpersonal forgiveness.With data obtained from 599online questionnaires,this study analyzes the impact mechanism of cognitive tourism experience on PSG of young tourists,and tests the multiple chain mediation effect of self-forgiveness and interpersonal forgiveness.The results show that:(1)Cognitive tourism experience is an important driving factor for young tourists’PSG;(2)Cognitive tourism experience promotes young tourists’PSG through selfforgiveness;(3)Cognitive tourism experience cannot realize the PSG of young tourists through interpersonal forgiveness or the chain path from self-forgiveness to interpersonal forgiveness;(4)Young tourists’“selfforgiveness to interpersonal forgiveness”has a masking effect between cognitive tourism experience and PSG.The theoretical contributions of this study are as follows:(1)From the individual cognition perspective,it reveals the essence of the healing function of tourism experience.That is,cognitive tourism experience expands the cognitive framework of individuals,and helps individuals view stress from multiple perspectives.At the same time,this study further examines the intermediary role of self-forgiveness in cognitive tourism experience and PSG,and clarifies what the supplementary positive psychological resources are,the supplement of which is a result of the expansion of the cognitive framework caused by cognitive tourism experience.This finding is a refinement to the COR.(2)This study verifies the negative effect of interpersonal forgiveness on PSG,the result of which contradicted the existing research conclusions and provided a basis for subsequent theoretical research.(3)This study discusses the dimensions of cognitive tourism experience on the basis of exploring its concept,verifies it based on online texts and questionnaire data,and develops a cognitive tourism experience scale,which provides a measuring tool for further exploring the follow-up research of cognitive tourism experience.