远程认知评估及康复指导的探讨

Exploration of remote cognitive assessment and rehabilitation guidance

伴随着当今世界人口老龄化加剧,对老年人群进行认知功能的筛查、早期诊疗以及日常监测成为重要问题。鉴于目前药物治疗的疗效有限,认知康复在预防认知障碍、改善认知功能方面的应用越来越受到重视。传统的认知评估以及康复训练都需要患者与临床医生面对面进行,而认知障碍患者多为高龄,多数需照料者陪伴且可能存在活动不便的其他共病等导致的就医困难情况。在当今新型冠状病毒感染疫情的背景下,这一矛盾更为突出,甚至可能加剧患者认知功能的下降。因此,依托各种信息通信技术对患者进行远程的认知功能评估以及认知康复指导成为新的选择。文中介绍了目前使用较为广泛且经过有效性验证的远程评估手段及其在远程认知康复中的指导作用。它们可以通过互联网、视频通话等途径实施,具有快速便捷、无视地域的优点,并可以满足大范围社区的使用,保障认知障碍患者的健康。

With rapid global growth of the older population,it has been increasingly important for screening,early diagnosis,treatment and daily monitoring of cognitive function in the elderly population.Given the limited effects of pharmacological treatments,cognitive rehabilitation has the potential to improve meaningful outcomes for older people and thus comes into sight.Traditional cognitive assessment and rehabilitation require face-to-face interview,while patients with cognitive impairment are mostly elderly with difficulties in access to medical care,usually needed to be accompanied by caregivers and having other co-morbidities with limited mobility.This contradiction is especially prominent in the context of COVID-19 pandemic,which may even exacerbate cognitive decline of patients.Therefore,remote cognitive assessment and rehabilitation based on information and communication technologies have become new options.This paper introduces the widely used and validated means of remote assessment and its guiding use in cognitive rehabilitation,which can be implemented through the Internet,applications,video and telephone.The advantages of being fast,convenient and geographically agnostic lead to a wider use in large community and safeguard the health of patients with cognitive impairment.