COVID 19病区医护人员的人工环境及生理指标变化规律

Changes of artificial environment and physiological indexes of medical staff in COVID 19 ward

为了保护COVID-19病区医护人员身心健康并分类制定合理的工作标准,对医用防护套装下的人工热湿环境及影响生理指标变化规律进行了研究。首先,通过试验测定了防护服内外的热湿环境,然后测试了心率、体温、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、收缩压、舒张压和血糖等生理指标的变化情况,探明了人体在二级医用防护套装下工作时长和劳动强度对人体生理状态的影响规律。结果表明,夏季穿戴医用防护服的人体长期处于温度高于33℃、相对湿度大于80%的高温高湿环境中,生理指标如体温、心率、呼吸频率和血糖与常规环境下有极大区别,且受劳动强度影响显著,生理指标容易达到极限值。因此,在制定医用防护服下的工作标准时,需同时考虑劳动强度和引发潜在疾病等风险,这些结论可为在COVID-19等传染隔离病区工作的医护人员的职业安全和安全预警提供依据。

To protect the both physical and mental health of medical staff in COVID-19 wards and establish a rational working standard,the variations of artificial thermal and moisture environment and human physiological indexes under medical protective outfits were studied.Firstly,the temperature and moisture environment parameters both inside and outside the protective clothing were accurately determined.Then,by measuring the changes of physiological indexes such as heart rate,body temperature,respiratory rate,blood oxygen saturation,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,and blood glucose,effects of working hours and labor intensity when the human body is wearing the second-level medical protective suit on human physiological status were ascertained.The results indicated that chronic exposure of human body wearing medical protective clothing in summer to a hot and humid environment with a temperature of above 33℃and relative humidity of more than 80%for a long time leads the temperature,heart rate,respiratory rate,and blood glucose of human body to easily reach the critical value of physiological indexes.It is significantly affected by labor intensity and the physiological indexes are easy to reach the limit value.The heart rate will approach the critical value(200 beats/min),the body temperature will soon reach and exceed the critical value of body temperature(37.2℃),and the respiratory rate will exceed 24 beats/min after less than 30 minutes of operation(the defined value of excessive breathing);The changes of diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,and blood oxygen saturation are not obvious,the blood glucose decreased,and some subjects reach the lower limit of blood glucose.Therefore,when formulating the working times under medical protective clothing,it is necessary to consider the labor intensity and the risk of causing potential diseases at the same time.These conclusions can provide a basis for the safety early warning of medical staff working in infectious isolation areas such as COVID-19.