数字孪生虚拟电厂系统框架设计及其实践展望

Framework Design and Application Prospect for Digital Twin Virtual Power Plant System

随着国家“双碳”及“构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统”等目标的提出,清洁化、数字化越来越成为电力系统面临的迫切需求。虚拟电厂基于先进的控制、计量、通信等技术聚合需求侧海量多元分布式资源,可以通过多样化的调节手段为电力系统提供必要的灵活性支撑,并同时助力可再生能源消纳。而数字孪生技术利用大数据、云计算、人工智能等数字技术对分布式资源物理实体的特征、行为、过程和性能等进行虚拟建模,是实现虚拟电厂运行优化的理想途径。该文展望虚拟电厂未来技术发展方向,基于数字孪生的概念、架构和特征,提出数字孪生虚拟电厂系统,深入阐述数字孪生虚拟电厂的内涵,构建基于物理实体、数字孪生体、孪生数据、连接以及智能应用等的数字孪生虚拟电厂总体架构,分析相关关键技术,并对其未来应用实践进行总结与展望。

With the proposed goals of“carbon neutrality and carbon peaking”and“building a new power system dominated by renewable energy”,cleanliness and digitization have become urgent needs for the power system.Based on advanced control,metering,and communication technologies,the virtual power plant(VPP)aggregates massive diversified and distributed energy resources(DERs)on the demand side,which can provide necessary flexible support for the power system through diversified adjustment methods,and simultaneously facilitate renewable energy integration.The digital twin(DT)uses digital technologies,such as big data,cloud computing,and artificial intelligence to model the characteristics,behavior,process,and performance of the physical entities of DERs,which is an ideal way to optimize the operation of VPP.In this article,firstly,the technology development of VPP is prospected.Then,based on the concept,architecture,and characteristics of DT,a DT VPP system(DTVPPS)is proposed.The connotation of the DTVPPS is explained in-depth,and a framework based on physical entities,virtual spaces,DT data,connections,and intelligent applications is projected.Finally,the key technologies of DTVPPS are analyzed,and its future application practices are summarized and prospected.