南宁机场2014-2022年初雷统计分析

该文利用天气诊断分析方法,采用2014-2022年南宁机场地面观测月总簿资料、ERA5再分析资料(0.25°x0.25°),对2014-2022年南宁机场的初雷天气过程进行综合诊断分析。结果表明,(1)南宁机场初雷主要发生在3月,早晨和下午是易发时段,单次雷暴过程持续时间多数小于30 min。(2)初雷分为4种类型,冷锋型、暖区型、高压后部型和高架型,其中出现最多的是冷锋型雷暴。(3)充足的水汽、位势不稳定层结、低层辐合和中层辐散的垂直结构是雷暴发生的有利条件。(4)假相当位温对于初雷的指示意义较好;除高架雷暴外,其他类型初雷发生时的K指数在30℃以上。

Using the method of weather diagnosis and analysis, this paper makes a comprehensive diagnosis and analysis of the initial thunderstorm weather process of the monthly total book data of ground observation of Nanning Airport from 2014 to 2022 and ERA5 reanalysis data(0.25°×0.25°). The results show that:(1) The first thunderstorm in Nanning Airport mainly occurs in March, and the morning and afternoon are prone to occur. The duration of a single thunderstorm is mostly less than 30minutes.(2) The initial thunderstorm can be divided into four types: cold front type, warm zone type, high-pressure rear type and elevated type, of which the cold front thunderstorm appears most.(3) Sufficient water vapor, potential unstable stratification, lowlevel convergence and middle-level divergence are the favorable conditions for thunderstorms.(4) The false equivalent potential temperature has a good indication for the initial thunder;and except for overhead thunderstorms, the K index of other types of initial thunderstorms is above 30 ℃.