由“诗”到“歌”——论延安歌唱媒介转换对“新诗大众化”的推进

From“Poem”to“Song”:“Popularization of New Poetry”Caused by the Media Transformation of Yan’an Songs

延安歌唱通过文字媒介向口头媒介的转换,激活诗歌发展本身内蕴的“歌唱性”,打破了“诗乐分途”的理论束缚,推进了新诗大众化的实践进程;它遵循了工农大众在劳动中“一呼一吸”的生理机制及其所产生的身体节奏,紧紧贴近大众的物质生产、日常生活与情感逻辑,使得“诗歌”终于成为大众不可或缺的“精神食粮”;由于转换为口头媒介,延安歌唱反而巧妙地解决了唱词中书面语与口语的纠结、普通话与方言的缠绕,生产出一种源自民间、能够交还民间并被大众真正接纳的抒情话语方式。

Yan’an songs,from written media to oral media,activates the singing nature of poetry and promotes the popularization process of new poetry by breaking off the rule that poetry and music are separated.In addition,Yan’an songs follow the physiological breathing mechanism and physical rhythm of laborers in their field work,thus the songs are very close to the material production,daily life,and emotional logic of the masses,making poetry indispensable“spiritual food”for the masses.Also,being transformed to oral media,Yan’an songs has skillfully solved the entanglement between written language and spoken language as well as between Mandarin and dialect,and thus makes a lyric discourse that originates from and comes to the folk be truly accepted by the public.