老年缺铁性贫血病人合并抑郁的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for depression in elderly patients with iron deficiency anemia

目的 分析老年缺铁性贫血(IDA)病人发生抑郁的影响因素。方法 对2020年1月至2021年12月期间就诊于山东中医药大学第一附属医院血液科门诊的初诊老年IDA病人进行问卷调查,并使用简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)评估病人的抑郁状态。采用Spearman相关系数分析GDS-15评分与贫血相关指标之间的关系,采用logistic回归分析与老年IDA病人的抑郁状态的危险因素。结果 共纳入158例病人,其中33(20.89%)例病人出现了抑郁状态。GDS-15评分与血红蛋白(r_(s)=-0.70,P<0.001)、血清铁(r_(s)=-0.18,P=0.024)和血清铁蛋白(r_(s)=-0.31,P<0.001)之间均为负相关关系。多因素logistic回归结果显示低血红蛋白[OR=0.92,95%CI:(0.85,1.00)]、低血清铁蛋白[OR=0.50,95%CI:(0.26,0.86)]、独居[OR=0.02,95%CI:(0.00,0.43)]、以及患有更多慢性病[OR=13.05,95%CI:(0.07,7.40)]是老年IDA病人出现抑郁状态的危险因素。结论 老年IDA病人抑郁的发病率较高,并受低血红蛋白、低血清铁蛋白、独居和患有更多慢性病等因素影响。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of depression in elderly patients with iron deficiency anemia(IDA).Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on newly diagnosed elderly IDA patients in the Outpatient Department of Hematology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to December 2021, and the depression status of the IDA patients was evaluated by the simplified Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15). Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between GDS-15 score and anemia related indicators, and logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of depression in elderly patients with IDA.Results A total of 158 patients were included, of which 33(20.89%)patients developed depression. GDS-15 score was negatively correlated with hemoglobin(r_(s) =-0.70, P < 0.001), serum iron(r_(s) =-0.18,P = 0.02) and serum ferritin(r_(s) =-0.31, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that low hemoglobin [OR = 0.92, 95% CI:(0.85, 1.00)], low serum ferritin [OR=0.50,95%CI:(0.26,0.86)], living alone [OR=0.02,95%CI:(0.00,0.43)], and suffering from more chronic diseases [OR=13.05,95%CI:(0.07,7.40)] were the risk factors of depression in elderly patients with IDA.Conclusion Elderly patients with IDA have a higher incidence of depression, which is affected by low hemoglobin, low serum ferritin, solitary life and more chronic diseases.