近5年两面针的化学成分及药理活性研究进展

Research Progress on Chemical Components and Pharmacological Effects of Zanthoxylum nitidum(Roxb.)DC.in Recent Five Years

两面针Zanthoxylum nitidum(Roxb.)DC.属于芸香科花椒属植物,在我国主要分布于广西、福建、广东、云南等地,作为传统植物药,在我国拥有悠久的药用历史。其根、茎、叶、果皮均可药用,具有活血化瘀、行气止痛、祛风通络、解毒消肿等功效,是广西特色民族药之一,为瑶族的经典老班药“入山虎”和壮药“两北针”。目前,两面针植物中已发现的化学成分主要有生物碱、香豆素、木脂素、黄酮类及其他类型的化合物,具有抗炎、镇痛、止血、抗肿瘤、抗菌等药理作用。通过文献检索和本课题组研究积累,本文对近5年来国内外两面针化学成分和药理活性进行综述,旨在为进一步研究和开发两面针的药用价值提供参考。

Zanthoxylum nitidum(Roxb.)DC.,a kind of Zanthoxylum plant of Rutaceae family,is mainly distributed in Guangxi,Fujian,Guangdong and Yunnan provinces in China.The root,stem,leaf and peel of Z.nitidum can be used for medicine,which has the effects of promote blood circulation to remove blood stasis,promote qi circulation to relieve pain,disperse wind to dredge collaterals and remove toxicity to achieve detumescence.It is one of the national medicines with Guangxi characteristics,and is the classic Laoban medicine of Yao people“Ru Shan Hu”and Zhuang medicine“Liang Bei Zhen”.At present,the chemical components isolated from Z.nitidum,including alkaloids,coumarins,lignans,flavonoids and other compounds,which possess anti-inflammatory,analgesic,hemostatic,antitumor,antibacterial and other pharmacological effects.The chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Z.nitidum at home and abroad in recent five years are reviewed based on literatures search in this paper,which will provide references for further research and development of the medicinal values of this plant.