甘肃省资源环境承载力水平评价及耦合协调性研究

Evaluation and Coupling Coordination of Resource and Environment Carrying Capacity in Gansu,China

资源和环境是人类生存基本的物质条件,资源环境承载力评价可为区域国土空间规划提供数据依据。本文从资源、环境、经济社会3个子系统构建甘肃省资源环境承载力评价指标体系,运用熵权法对甘肃省2004—2019年的综合承载力及3个子系统承载力水平进行综合评价,采用耦合协调度模型对3个子系统内部耦合协调性进行测度与分析,引入障碍度模型得出甘肃省资源环境承载力提升的障碍因素。结果表明:2004—2019年,甘肃省资源环境承载力指数由2004年的0.207增长到2019年的0.876,呈稳步上升态势,由不可承载阶段过渡为强承载阶段;资源、环境、经济社会子系统承载力水平均呈现逐年提高趋势,资源承载力水平滞后于经济社会和环境;系统协调度由2004年的0.355增长至2019年的0.935,呈稳步提高趋势,2019年处于高度耦合、优质协调阶段,资源、环境、经济社会子系统间处于良性耦合状态;资源准则层是制约甘肃省资源环境承载力的主要准则层,自然资源开发与利用水平、污染物排放水平、农田基础设施建设水平、社会保障制度建设水平等是制约甘肃省资源环境承载力水平提升的主要障碍因素。研究表明甘肃省资源环境承载力水平和系统内部协调性目前处于较高水平,同时在资源环境开发和保护方面仍有提升空间,为此建议从加强自然资源统一确权登记、建立监测预警长效机制、引进农业科学技术、建立健全生态补偿机制等方面提升资源环境承载能力。

Resources and the environment are the basic material conditions for human survival,and the evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity can provide a data basis for regional land and space planning.Firstly,construct an evaluation index system of resources and environment carrying capacity in Gansu Province from the three subsystems of resources(environment,economy and society).Secondly,use the entropy method to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive carrying capacity of Gansu Province from 2004 to 2019 and the carrying capacity of the three subsystems,and the coupling coordination degree model is used to measure and analyze the internal coupling coordination of the three subsystems.Finally,the obstacle degree model is introduced to obtain the obstacle factors of Gansu Province’s resource and environmental carrying capacity improvement.The results show that from 2004 to 2019,the resource and environmental carrying capacity index of Gansu Province has increased from 0.207 in 2004 to 0.876 in 2019,showing a steady upward trend,and changing from an uncarryable stage to a strong carrying stage;The carrying capacity of resources,environment,and economic and social subsystems has shown a trend of increasing year by year,however,the level of carrying capacity of resources lags behind that of the economy,society and environment;The degree of system coordination has increased from 0.355 in 2004 to 0.935 in 2019,showing a steady increase.In 2019,it is in a stage of high coupling and high-quality coordination,and the resource,environment,and economic and social subsystems are in a state of benign coupling.The resource criterion layer is the main criterion layer that restricts the carrying capacity of resources and environment in Gansu Province.The development and utilization of natural resources,the level of pollutant emission,the level of farmland infrastructure construction,and the construction of social security systems are the main obstacles constrainting the improvement of the carrying capacity of resources and environment in Gansu Province.Research shows that the carrying capacity of resources and the environment and the internal coordination of the system in Gansu Province are currently at a relatively high level.At the same time,there is still room for improvement in the development and protection of resources and environment.Therefore,it is recommended to strengthen the unified registration of natural resources,establish long-term monitoring and early warning,improve the carrying capacity of resources and the environment in terms of mechanisms,introduce agricultural science and technology,and establish a sound ecological compensation mechanism.