家庭生活教育:美国公立中小学的家庭教育

Family Life Education: Family Education in American Public Schools

在“生活教育运动”的大背景下,美国中小学从20世纪40年代开始陆续开设家庭生活教育课程,形成了从幼儿园到高中相对完整的家庭生活教育课程体系。该课程体系以生命全程的家庭教育为取向,具有课程结构整体统一、课程内容结合学生实际需求、课程资源丰富、课程实施循序渐进的特征。美国中小学FLE课程的经验,学校不应仅局限于指导学生家长如何开展家庭教育,而应直接把中小学生作为家庭教育的对象;进行课程整合,建构中小学开展家庭教育的系统课程体系;师范院校开设家庭教育课程,为中小学提供师资;突出家庭教育课程内容的针对性,丰富相关课程资源。

Under the background of the“life education movement”, American primary and secondary schools have successively offered family life education courses since the 1940s, and have established a relatively complete family life education curriculum system from kindergarten to high school. The life education curriculum system is oriented towards family education throughout life, and has the characteristics of the overall unity of curriculum structure, integration of curriculum content with students’ actual needs, rich curriculum resources,and gradual implementation of curriculum. The following enlightenment is obtained from the FLE curriculum in American primary and secondary schools: schools should not just carry out family education guidance for parents, but should directly take students as the objects of family education;schools should carry out curriculum integration and construct a systematic curriculum system for family education;normal universities should offer family education courses to provide teachers;schools should highlight the pertinence of family education curriculum content and enrich relevant curriculum resources.