论赣剧高腔曲牌音乐

On the Gaoqiang Qupai Music of the Gan Folk Opera

赣剧的主要声腔有高腔、梆子腔和乱弹腔,吸纳了江西弋阳腔与湖口青阳腔而形成的赣剧高腔,其源头是明代的弋阳腔和青阳腔,从这个意义上说,赣剧是一个有着悠久历史的剧种。明代的弋阳腔与青阳腔由于自身的音乐传播特性,在继承南戏曲牌音乐的基础上又有了较大的创造性发展,由此而产生的众多曲牌音乐变体是高腔剧种曲牌音乐的主要构成。作为南戏音乐最为重要的支系之一,现存的传统赣剧高腔曲牌音乐是极其珍贵的活态遗产。文章主要对赣剧高腔曲牌的类别、音乐形态特征以及艺术个性等三个方面进行论述。

The main tunes of the Gan Folk Opera include Gaoqiang, Bangzi,and Luantanqiang, The Gaoqiang of the Gan Folk Opera is formed by absorbing Jiangxi Yiyangqiang and Hukou Qingyangqiang tunes. Its source is Yiyangqiang and Qingyangqiang tunes of the Ming Dynasty. In this sense the Gan Folk Opera is a genre of drama with a long history. Due to their own characteristics of music transmission, Yiyangqiang and Qingyangqiang in the Ming Dynasty have made great creative development on the basis of inheriting the Nanxi qupai music. The resulting variety of the qupai music is the main composition of the Gaoqiang genre of opera qupai music. As one of the most important branches of Nanxi music, the existing traditional Gaoqiang qupai music of the Gan Folk Opera are extremely valuable living heritage. This article mainly discusses the categories, musical form characteristics and artistic personality of the Gan Folk Opera’s Gaoqiang qupai.