基于层次分析法的湿地公园生态影响评价——以潼湖国家湿地公园为例

Ecological Impact Assessment of Wetland Park Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process——Taking the Tonghu Lake National Wetland Park as an Example

采用层次分析法构建湿地公园生态影响评价指标体系,计算指标权重,并以道路工程占用潼湖湿地公园为实例,进行了生态影响评价。结果表明:(1)在13项指标中,被占用程度、植被覆盖度指数、物种丰富度指数、大气污染排放、污水排放是权重占比较大的因子;(2)通过层次分析法计算潼湖湿地公园受影响程度,整体轻微,其中对动植物及生态系统的影响较多,通过采取相应的保护措施,可降低影响。通过体系研究、实例验证,旨在建立一套针对湿地公园的生态影响评价方法体系,为更真实、客观地反应生态影响状况提供量化的方法与参考。

The analytic hierarchy process(AHP) is used to construct the ecological impact assessment index system of wetland parks and calculate the index weight. Taking Tonghu Wetland Park occupied by road project as an example, the ecological impact assessment is carried out. The results show that:(1) Among the 13 indicators, the occupation degree, vegetation coverage index, species richness index, air pollution discharge and sewage discharge are the factors with larger weight;(2) The impact degree of Tonghu Wetland Park is calculated by the analytic hierarchy process, which is slight overall, with more impact on animals, plants and ecosystems. The impact can be reduced by taking corresponding protective measures. Through system research and case verification, the purpose is to establish a set of ecological impact assessment method system for wetland parks, which provides quantitative methods and reference for more authentic and objective response to ecological impact.