中青年高血压患者脑卒中发生风险感知与健康行为的相关性及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Correlation between Stroke Risk Perception and Health-related Action in Young and Middle-aged Patients with Hypertension and its Influencing Factors

目的了解中青年高血压患者脑卒中发生风险感知、健康行为现状及相关性。方法采用一般资料问卷、脑卒中高危人群发病风险感知问卷、健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP-Ⅱ)对150例中青年高血压患者进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析健康行为的影响因素。结果脑卒中高危人群发病风险感知问卷总分为(97.20±14.34)分,条目均分为(4.63±0.68)分;健康促进生活方式量表总分为(148.58±20.62)分,各维度均分由高到低依次是自我实现、营养、健康责任感、人际关系、压力管理、运动锻炼。风险感知与健康行为呈中等水平正相关关系。回归分析显示,职业、家庭人均月收入、饮酒情况、主动了解健康知识、担心发生脑卒中、脑卒中高危人群发病风险感知问卷总分是中青年高血压患者健康行为的影响因素。结论中青年高血压患者的脑卒中发生风险感知水平和健康行为均处于中等偏上水平,相对较理想,风险感知会直接影响个体的健康行为,应帮助患者正确认识自身健康状况和高血压相关因素,提高中青年高血压患者对脑卒中发病风险的感知水平。

Objective To make certain the correlation between the risk perception and health-related action and in young and middle-aged patients with hypertension.Methods A total of 150 young and middle-aged patients with hypertension were investigated by general information questionnaire,risk perception questionnaire of stroke high-risk population and health-promoting lifestyle profile(HPLP-Ⅱ).Multiple linear regression was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of health-related action.Results The total score of the risk perception questionnaire for stroke high-risk population was(97.20±14.34),and the average score of every item was(4.63±0.68).The total score of HPLP-Ⅱwas(148.58±20.62).The average score of each item from high to low was self-realization,nutrition,health responsibility,interpersonal relationship,stress management and exercise.There was a moderate positive correlation between risk perception and health-related action.Regression analysis showed that occupation,family per capita monthly income,drinking,active mastery of health knowledge,fear of stroke,and risk perception for stroke high-risk population were the influencing factors of health-related action of young and middle-aged patients with hypertension.Conclusion The level of stroke risk perception and health-related action of young and middle-aged patients with hypertension are in the upper-middle and ideal level.Risk perception will directly affect the individual’s health-related action.Young and middle-aged patients with hypertension should be guided to correctly understand their own health-related and hypertension-related factors to improve risk perception of stroke.