风险分级护理对维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘的影响

Effect of Risk Grading Nursing on Arteriovenous Fistula in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

目的:探讨风险分级护理对维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘的影响。方法:选择2021年9月—2022年3月连云港市第二人民医院收治的98例维持性血液透析患者,利用随机数表法将其分为两组,各49例。对照组给予常规护理,试验组给予风险分级护理。比较两组动静脉内瘘的血流量、通畅率、功能变化及护理满意度。结果:护理后2个月,两组内瘘血流量均高于护理前,且试验组内瘘血流量高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组内瘘通畅率为95.92%,高于对照组的81.63%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组出现1例动静脉内瘘狭窄、1例动静脉内瘘血流量异常、1例动静脉内瘘斑块,动静脉内瘘功能异常率为6.12%;对照组出现4例动静脉内瘘狭窄、3例动静脉内瘘血流量异常、4例动静脉内瘘斑块,动静脉内瘘功能异常为22.45%,试验组的动静脉内瘘功能异常率低于对照组(χ^(2)=6.120,P=0.021)。试验组的满意度为95.92%,高于对照组的79.59%(χ^(2)=6.078,P=0.014)。结论:将风险分级护理应用到维持性血液透析患者日常护理中,能改善患者自身的内瘘血流量,提高内瘘通畅率、动静脉内瘘功能,增强患者对于风险分级护理的整体认同感。

Objective: To investigate the effect of risk grading nursing on arteriovenous fistula in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Method: A total of 98 patients with maintenance hemodialysis who were admitted to the Lianyungang Second People’s Hospital from September 2021 to March 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups by using the random number table method, 49 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the test group received risk grading nursing care. The blood flow of internal fistula, the patency rate of autologous internal arteriovenous fistula, function of patients with internal arteriovenous fistula, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Result: Two months after nursing, the blood flow of internal fistula in the two groups were higher than those before nursing, and the blood flow of internal fistula in the test group was higher than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The patency rate of internal fistula in the test group was 95.92%, which was higher than 81.63% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In the test group, there was 1 case of arteriovenous fistula stenosis, 1 case of arteriovenous fistula blood flow abnormality, 1 case of arteriovenous fistula plaque, and the abnormal rate of arteriovenous fistula function was 6.12%;in the control group, there were 4 cases of arteriovenous fistula stenosis, 3 cases of arteriovenous fistula blood flow abnormality, 4 cases of arteriovenous fistula plaque, and the abnormal function of arteriovenous fistula was 22.45%. The abnormal rate of arteriovenous fistula in the test group was lower than that in the control group( χ^(2)=6.120, P=0.021). The satisfaction rate of the test group was 95.92%, higher than 79.59% of the control group( χ^(2)=6.078, P=0.014). Conclusion: Applying risk grading nursing to the daily care of patients with maintenance hemodialysis can improve the blood flow of internal fistula, improve the patency rate of internal fistula and the function of arteriovenous fistula, and enhance the overall recognition of patients with risk grading nursing.