红豆杉的药用历史考证

Textual Research on the Medicinal History of Chinese Yew

通过古籍文献、现代文献的查阅与梳理,从名称、形态特征、产地、入药部位等方面开展红豆杉的本草考证。红豆杉在古代有紫杉、杉、赤杉、丹桎木、檆、柀、榧等名称;从植物形态特别是果红色的特征看,古籍所记载的上述植物均指红豆杉属植物;本草中所记载的生江南“杉”的品种为红豆杉Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis(Pilger)Florin或其变种南方红豆杉Taxus wallichiana var.mairei L.K.Fu&Nan Li.;从入药部位看,红豆杉的种子(带假种皮)、树皮、茎木、枝、叶皆有药用记载。

To textual research on the aspects of name,morphological characteristics,geographical distribution and medicinal parts of Chinese Yew.The results show that in ancient times,Taxus has the names of“ZiShan,Shan,ChiShan,Danzhimu,Shan,Bi,Fei”and so on.According to ancient books,the plant morphology is characterized by red fruit,the above plants refer to Taxus.In terms of geographical distribution,the species of“shan”in Jiangnan recorded in this herb is Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis(Pilger)Florin,or its variant Taxus wallichiana var.mairei L.K.Fu&Nan Li..In terms of medicinal parts,the seeds(with false seed coat),bark,stems,trees,branches and leaves of Chinese yew have medicinal records.